How to Prepare for a Potential Layoff

February 22, 2023

I recently spoke to a friend who was scared of getting laid off. She asked me how she could prepare for a layoff. The following was the guidance I gave her:

 

Stop paying extra on debts and start stockpiling cash.

 

I know this may sound counter-intuitive to many people, but if you are facing a layoff, you need as much cash to live on as possible while you look for work, especially if you have less than three months of expenses saved. Consider paying your credit card debt minimum and funneling as much cash as possible to a savings account. Also, consider earmarking any tax refunds to savings.

 

Review the budget and trim the fat.

 

This fat can be a cable or cell phone package with all the bells and whistles. You can ask for a cheaper cable plan or cut the cable cord altogether. You can choose a more affordable cell phone carrier or cancel a rarely-used subscription.

 

Contact creditors in advance to let them know of a potential layoff.

 

If you talk to your creditors before there is a problem, they can be more willing to work with you. Then, take full advantage of your potential layoff and ask your creditors for a reduced interest rate.

 

Review workplace benefits.

 

If you have accrued vacation or sick leave, ask if your company will pay you for unused time if you leave involuntarily. Have you had your annual checkup or been putting off dental work? Now is the time to take care of all your medical needs. See which benefits such as life insurance, long-term care insurance, and even some legal benefits are portable, meaning you can continue them after you separate from service.

If you have outstanding 401(k) plan loans, ask your plan provider how they handle loans during a layoff. Some companies will give you a short period to pay it back, and then the remaining balance counts as taxable income with a potential 10% penalty if you are under 59 ½. Other companies allow you to continue to pay your loan balance from your checking or savings account. In addition, medical saving plans such as HSAs can go with you, and you can use the funds for healthcare premiums while receiving unemployment benefits.

 

The key is to prepare in advance. If you are laid off, you have done the legwork to be financially prepared. If the layoff does not happen, you have built up savings and are in a great position to start re-attacking debt.

 

7 Signs You’re Living Beyond Your Means Even If You Can Pay All Your Bills

August 03, 2016

I’m pretty sure most people understand that the first step in achieving financial security is to spend less than you make. Sometimes easier said than done, but it’s the only way you can save any money and avoid high interest credit card debt. What a lot of people don’t get though is that just because you’re able to pay your bills each month, it doesn’t mean you’re not living beyond your means. If your bank account balance gets dangerously close to zero right before payday, you’re not “getting by,” even if you don’t overdraw and are technically making ends meet. Here are 7 other signs you’re living beyond your means, even if you are able to pay all your bills on time, and what you can do about it:

1. You’re not paying off your credit cards every month or you don’t have a plan in place to pay them off. Use the Debt Blaster to get a plan going and then stick to it.

2. You don’t have an emergency fund. This is your first line of defense against long-term financial issues. Get started on this ASAP.

3. You say you can’t afford to do that thing you really want to do. This was actually the wake-up call for me to realize that I was living beyond my means even though I was making ends meet. I really, really, really wanted an iPad and a new bike, which added up to about $1,000. I said I couldn’t afford it and yet I was spending that amount monthly on dining out and booze. If you tell yourself you can’t afford something you really want, and that thing would be reasonable for someone of your income, lifestyle and life stage to have, that’s a sign you need to examine your spending and start living within your real means.

4. Unplanned expenses like a traffic ticket or a family member’s destination wedding send you into a tailspin. If the first thing you think of when you hear a cousin is getting married at an all-inclusive resort in the Caribbean is, “How rude! I don’t have the money for that!” you are not “making it” financially. There needs to be wiggle room in your cash flow for things like this. Here’s a good way to plan for it.

5. You’re taking out 401(k) loans to pay off other bills. Even though you’re paying interest to yourself, this is still a form of debt. If you’re borrowing against your savings, you’re not living within your means.

6. You’re not on track to retire at 65. Ideally, you’d be financially able to retire before you are mentally ready, but 65 is a good age to shoot for if you’re still in the earlier parts of your career. Here’s how to find out if you’re on track. If you’re not, the earlier you start saving, the sooner (and easier) you’ll get on track.

7. A job loss or medical emergency would severely alter your future. If going without even just one paycheck would send you into late fees with all your bills, it’s time to get a system in place that helps you save for these unexpected events.

The best and easiest times to escape the paycheck-to-paycheck lifestyle is when you experience any type of windfall like a tax refund, an unexpected bonus or even just your annual single-percentage increase at work. Be strategic with that money and use it to find some space in your finances, rather than just adjusting your spending to match. You don’t have to wait for a windfall to do this though. Even just a small change each day that you mindfully use to put away a little extra adds up.

 

The Hidden Downsides of a 401(k) Loan

July 21, 2016

I recently had a helpline call with a woman who was thinking about taking a loan from her 401(k) to pay a $32k condo assessment and avoid the 3.75% interest rate she would be charged if she made the payments over time. At first, the 401(k) loan looked like a great option. There’s no credit check, the fees and interest rate are minimal, and best of all, the interest would go back into her own account. However, there are also several hidden downsides of 401(k) loans to be aware of:

You lose out on any earnings. The stock market has averaged a 7-10% average annualized return over time. It’s easy to overlook this but it’s probably the biggest cost.

Your payments may be higher. Even if your interest rate is lower than the alternatives, your payments might actually be much higher than a credit card that will be paid off over 20-30 years. That’s because 401(k) loans generally have to be paid back within 5 years. The payments also generally come out of your paycheck so if you run into financial trouble, you don’t have the option to prioritize things like your mortgage and car payment. You also can’t eliminate a 401(k) loan through bankruptcy.

You may not be able to take another loan. This could be a problem if you don’t have an adequate emergency fund. In that case, you might want to borrow more than you need and put the extra money away someplace safe like a savings account or money market fund for a rainy day.

You may be subject to taxes and penalties if you leave your job. Any outstanding loan balance after about 60 days of leaving employment is typically considered a withdrawal. That means it’s subject to taxes and possibly a 10% penalty if you’re under age 59 ½.

You’re double-taxed on the interest. Even though the interest wasn’t paid pre-tax, it’s taxable when you eventually withdraw it. That means you’re essentially paying taxes twice on that money since you already paid taxes on it when you first earned it.

In this woman’s case, her employer’s policies provided a lot of advantages since she was able to take out up to 5 loans at a time and could continue making loan payments after leaving her job. However, we calculated that the taxes on the interest could easily add up to over $1,000 depending on the interest rate. As a result, she decided to use some of her emergency savings and reserve the 401(k) loan option for future emergencies.

If you’re considering a 401(k) loan, be aware of all the possible downsides. Make sure you also consider other options like peer-to-peer lending sites such as Lending Club and Prosper that allow you to borrow money from other people over the Internet, usually at lower rates than you can find at a bank. Finally, don’t forget that the real purpose of your 401(k) is retirement.

Consolidating Isn’t Always Easy

November 20, 2015

As I was whining about not having a topic to write about, I got this email in my inbox:

I’ve got a co-worker who wanted to consolidate his credit card debt into one manageable loan with a lower interest rate.When he started looking though, he continued to find either consolidation loans with higher interest rates than his credit cards or he’d find what he calls “scam artists” that claim to try to find consolidation loans that he would be eligible for but then would say that he wasn’t eligible for them or they were for a “3rd party investor loan.” (Don’t really know what he meant by that.)  I said I’d help him find reputable companies and I did. BUT that’s hard to do with all of the information – good and bad – on the Internet.  

Boom! That’s a real life blog topic…. Continue reading “Consolidating Isn’t Always Easy”

It’s Time For Changes to Payday Loans

March 06, 2015

In what is a positive development for many Americans, not to mention society at large, there are some changes coming to the world of payday loans. The CFPB (Consumer Financial Protection Bureau) is rolling out some new regulations for the short-term loan industry that can only be viewed as a good thing by the borrowers. (Maybe not so much for the owners of the lending companies, though.)  Continue reading “It’s Time For Changes to Payday Loans”

How to Recover From a Credit Disaster

November 21, 2014

During one of my recent conversations with an employee, he was very disturbed by how much a bad credit score has impacted his life.He said that his credit score has caused his car insurance premiums to increase, he thinks it is hindering his job search (he may have a point because it is something that employers consider) and his girlfriend does not want to become his fiancée or wife until he shows significant progress in this area. So, he was very happy to have some ideas on how to make progress on repairing what was a very broken part of his financial life.  Continue reading “How to Recover From a Credit Disaster”

3 Alternatives to Borrowing From Your 401(k)

July 10, 2014

Last week, I wrote about some reasons it might actually make sense to borrow from your 401(k). After all, there’s no credit check and the interest goes back into your own account.  But even in those situations, there may be better options. After all, borrowing from your 401(k) means your money isn’t growing for retirement, the money generally has to be paid back over a relatively short 5 year period, and the outstanding balance could be subject to taxes and penalties if you leave your job. Here are three alternatives along with their pros and cons relative to a 401(k) loan and a couple of sites you can use to find them: Continue reading “3 Alternatives to Borrowing From Your 401(k)”

When is Borrowing From Your 401(k) a Good Idea?

June 20, 2014

If you ask most financial planners when is the best time to borrow money from your 401(k), the overwhelming answer will be “NEVER”! And, for the most part, I agree with that. But, like almost every rule, there are exceptions.  Continue reading “When is Borrowing From Your 401(k) a Good Idea?”

Can Your 401(k) Be Part of Your Emergency Fund?

April 11, 2013

One of the results from our recent research report that has gotten a lot of attention is that we saw an increase in the number of employees’ accessing their 401(k) balances through loans and hardship withdrawals from about a quarter in 2011 to about a third in 2012. The conventional wisdom is that this means employees need to do a better job with money management and in particular, building an emergency fund of at least 3-6 months of necessary expenses and maybe even more. For someone just starting out, I think this is absolutely true.  Continue reading “Can Your 401(k) Be Part of Your Emergency Fund?”

How a Lost Monkey Can Give Us Financial Hope

December 28, 2012

I saw this article about a monkey lost at an IKEA furniture store when I was doing my morning news reading the other day.  There were some  videos of the monkey on some of the news channels as well and it was pretty entertaining.  The monkey definitely got my day started with a smile.  But the more I came back to thinking about the monkey, my thought process changed a little bit because of a conversation I had… Continue reading “How a Lost Monkey Can Give Us Financial Hope”